Essay --

David KimPhysics Lab 102/11/14Section A1IntroductionIn Experiment 1, the objective was to weigh cl pennies and find the best estimate value and the uncertainties for the weight of the pennies. Instrument incertitude is the least value that can be read from the measuring device. It is endlessly less than or equal to the least count. The least count is the smallest class that can be marked or shown from a certain mover. The instrument distrust is equal to the least count in this experiment.Random errors be simply mistakes that are made due to the instrument macrocosm use or the measured object being poorly defined.The wide misgiving of a measurement is calculated by using the instrument scruple and the uncertainty due to fluctuation. Uncertainty due to fluctuation is dependent on the bonny and the total amount of times there was a measurement. This average is give whenx= 1/N (x_1+x_2+ + x_n ) N is the total identification number of measurements, x1 is the first measureme nt, x2 is the second measurement, and xn is the last measurement. The uncertainty due to fluctuation is install byx_fl= _x/N_x is the standard deviation of the mean and N is the total number of measurements. Standard deviation can be found by_x= ((d_12+ d_22+ + d_N2)/(N-1))Where d_n(the derivative) is found byd_n=x_n- x This in terminology is the measurement of the nth term subtracted by the mean.Total uncertainty is found byx= (x_ins2+ x_fl2 ) Where x_ins is the instrument uncertainty and x_fl is the uncertainty due to fluctuation. Initial DataPart A1 Instrument Uncertainty try outStudent has passed the testThe following answers were entered for the digital device 2UnitsgLeast count0.1000I... ...ould have to take around 300 measurements so that the results would be accurate and precise to the expected value of 100.In lineament B of the experiment, the standard batch of the penny between 1941 and 1982 was 3.100 g and between 1983 and 2011, the standard mass was 2.500 g. The standard mass of the penny changed between 1982 and 1983. The mass was decreased by .600 g. Pennies lose or gain weight in circulation because most of the pennies were not 2.5 or 3.1 grams on the dot. The possible rust or erosion from the time it was in circulation helps to describe the range that the mass of the pennies had. In general, most of the measurements were accurate compared to the expected value. The measurements on the most part were accurate. merely for the outliers, the rust and the erosion to the penny can describe the mass being significantly higher or lower.